Civil vs criminal law
Civil matters usually concern disputes between parties. Criminal matters involve offences prosecuted by the state or another prosecuting authority.
The most useful comparison looks at function rather than labels. What can this option achieve, what does it require and what does the person give up by choosing it.
Important: legal rights and procedure can change depending on the legislation, the facts and the state or territory involved. This page provides general information only and is not legal advice.
How to compare the options
| Factor | Why it matters |
|---|---|
| Control | Some options leave more control with the parties. Others hand the decision to a court, arbitrator or other formal decision maker. |
| Cost | The cheapest looking path can become expensive if it does not actually resolve the issue or protect the position. |
| Speed | Urgency can make a slower but less adversarial option unrealistic. |
| Enforceability | Some outcomes depend on voluntary compliance. Others produce enforceable orders or binding determinations. |
How to use this comparison
Start by identifying the legal or commercial problem that actually needs solving. Then compare the options against that outcome rather than against abstract preference.
Need help comparing legal options
Use the form below if you need help understanding which path may fit the problem you are facing.